Louis Simpsons The Battle Formalist Criticism

Presentation Born on 27th March, 1923, Louis Aston Marantz Simpson is one of America’s best know artists. He has won numerous honors in his field, including the 1964’s Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. The last was in acknowledgment for one of his works, At The End of the Open Road. Conceived in Jamaica, his family moved to the United States of America while he was 17.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Louis Simpson’s The Battle: Formalist Criticism explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More for a long time (somewhere in the range of 1943 and 1945), he battled for America during World War II. This experience molded the majority of his works when he began composing after the war. He filled in as a detachment between his company’s base camp and the warriors battling on the bleeding edge. A large portion of his sonnets and different works are accounts of his encounters as an envoy. The Battle is one of his notable sonnets that portra y the encounters of a delegate on the cutting edge. In four refrains and sixteen lines, Louis takes the peruser through the revulsions of war, which is the significant topic of this sonnet. In this paper, the writer will give the peruser a study of this sonnet. The sonnet will be scrutinized utilizing the formalist analysis hypothesis. Among the issues that will be tended to in this scrutinize is the structure and association of the sonnet, the manner in which the sonnet starts and how it continues from the earliest starting point. The creator will likewise take a gander at how the sonnet closes, the plot of the work and how this plot is identified with the structure of the sonnet. The Battle: Structure and Organization of the Poem The sonnet is organized in four verses and sixteen lines (Poetry365 1-16). Louis is by all accounts looking for an equalization in the structure of the sonnet. This is given the way that every one of the refrains is comprised of four lines, imitating the four verses of the sonnet. This makes some similarity to proportionality between the verses and the entire sonnet. Be that as it may, the structure of the lines isn't uniform all through the sonnet. For instance, a portion of the lines are made of two sentences isolated by a full stop, an a valid example been the second line â€Å"Marched through a backwoods. Some place up ahead† (Poetry360 2). Others are made of single sentences isolated by a comma, for instance the principal line â€Å"Helmet and rifle, pack and overcoat† (Poetry360 1). All things considered, different lines are made of a solitary, strong and whole sentence, for instance the sixth line â€Å"into the moist earth between the trees† (Poetry360 6). Start of the Poem Louis starts the sonnet by furnishing the peruser with a symbolism of a warrior. Despite the fact that he doesn't make reference to the word warrior anyplace, the choice of words in the main line leaves presumably that the writer is d iscussing a trooper. He starts by â€Å"Helmet and rifle, pack and overcoat† (Poetry360 1).Advertising Looking for paper on american writing? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The officer portrayed in this line is clearly set out toward battle, and this is clarified by the consideration of â€Å"rifle† in his freight. It is additionally clarified that the climate is cold, and that is the reason the officer conveys a jacket. It is most likely in winter, and the trooper is made a beeline for the fight line. Where does it go? The tone that Louis begins with in the principal verse is kept up all through the sonnet for the bigger part. For instance, he begins by utilizing symbolism, and this shows up in different refrains of the sonnet. For instance, in the eleventh line, he talks of â€Å"†¦.The snow was black† (Poetry360 11). Snow is commonly white, however by portraying it as â€Å"black snow†, Lou is summons in the reader’s mind a picture of snow with its virtue meddled with by the progression of blood from the fallen and harmed officers. The sonnet begins with a depiction of the warrior setting out from the camp and to the bleeding edge. The sonnet keeps on following the excursion of the fighter into the forested areas, towards the combat zone. In the third refrain, Louis depicts how the fighter, presently on the bleeding edge, faces the â€Å"†¦.(the) shells and slugs (clearing) the cold woods† (Poetry360 10). The sonnet illustrates what the warrior experiences in the front line. How does the Poem End? The sonnet closes with the persona mentioning to the peruser what they recalled about the fight. Apparently the persona isn't associated with battle; he expect the tone of an observer. He depicts the presence of the fighters, â€Å"The sluggishness in (their) eyes, (and) what hands looked like thin† (Poetry360 14). The main brilliant slight about the soldier’s appearance is the splendid ash around their stogie. The sonnet closes with the line â€Å"†¦., and the splendid coal (of the cigarette)/Would beat with all the life there was within† (Poetry360 15, 16). This line makes a picture of an officer, who is as fragile as the ash of the cigarette he is smoking. The Plot The sonnet gives the tale of officers leaving the camp to go to the combat zone. Furnished with their rifles, they walk through the woods, and towards the sound of crashing firearms. The story given in this sonnet doesn't appear to paint a decent picture with respect to the fight. The artist depicts scenes loaded with â€Å"black snow†, and if the dark shading can be taken as the shade of coagulated blood on the day off, it appears there was a great deal of carnage. Relationship of the Poem’s Plot to its Structure Some examinations can be drawn between the plot of the sonnet and its structure. As prior showed, the sonnet structure seems adjusted, with four refrains with four lines each. Be that as it may, this is interestingly with the plot of the sonnet. There is nothing adjusted about the life of the trooper, or the fight that is being battled. On the off chance that there was balance in the general public, possibly the war would have been unnecessary.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Louis Simpson’s The Battle: Formalist Criticism explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it very well may be said that the fighters in the fight and the war by and large, is planned for accomplishing some equalization in the general public, balance like that of the poem’s structure. The logical inconsistency between the poem’s structure and the plot stretches out to singular lines in the sonnet. For instance, in depicting the fighter doing battle in line 1, the writer portrays the trooper putting on his uniform and taking his weapons from back to front. For inst ance, one would anticipate that the warrior should initially put on the jacket, at that point heist his pack on his fighters, take the rifle lastly put on the protective cap. In any case, Louis doesn't see it thusly. Rather, the trooper first wears the â€Å"Helmet (at that point takes the) rifle, pack and overcoat† (Poetry360 1). End In his sonnet The Battle, Louis depicts fighters heading off to the fight line, and what comes to pass there. The significant topic in the sonnet is the repulsions of war. This paper scrutinized the sonnet from a formalist viewpoint. Among the parts of the sonnet tended to is the start and closure of the sonnet, the plot of the sonnet and how the sonnet is identified with its structure. Works Cited Poetry365. The Battle, Louis Simpson. Poetry365. August 9, 2009. Web. This paper on Louis Simpson’s The Battle: Formalist Criticism was composed and put together by client Carolyn S. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Writing Ethical Dilemma Essay Topics

Writing Ethical Dilemma Essay TopicsEthical dilemma essay topics are not very difficult to choose. The fact is that almost any topic can be used in a dilemma essay, and the only thing that may need to be considered is how you will deal with the dilemma and whether or not it is relevant to the topic of the essay. Some topics will require that you think about your dilemma, some will require that you deal with it and some will just have you living with the dilemma.The first thing to keep in mind when dealing with ethical dilemma essay topics is that you should try to include a problem in with your writing. Instead of having the dilemma pop up out of nowhere you should be able to provide some sort of problem or concern with the situation. The point is to provide some sort of conflict or dilemma in your essay that will provide interest for the reader. If you can find something in your essay that will make your reader question what they have just read then that will be an easy dilemma for you to deal with.However, some ethical dilemma essay topics are so bad that they just do not make sense, and if they do not make sense, then there is no problem with having them in your essay. If the dilemma is something that is unfair or immoral then you should at least consider changing it so that it does not affect you negatively. However, you should be very careful when dealing with something that could make you feel that way.Many people write ethical dilemma essay topics with their loved ones in mind. You could do this by having one character being upset or disgusted by another character's actions, but then not dealing with the same things themselves. You could also present a moral dilemma for your character, but do not treat it like a real life dilemma. You should always show the dilemma as something that is happening and should not be shown in detail.If you have many characters in your story, then you can still use them to have a situation that is related to each other. You s hould be careful with this though because there may be instances where you will want to add more than one character. This is because there will be instances where you will want the reader to focus on different characters.Many times, ethical dilemma essay topics will not include any action or anything that is not part of the plot of the story. It is easy to feel like you should be doing something in order to solve the dilemma, but you should always consider this. Just because you feel like you are acting in a certain way does not mean that it is the right thing to do.Another thing to remember when writing ethical dilemma essay topics is that you should be able to find an acceptable solution to the dilemma without breaking your own rules. If you are going to write a philosophical dilemma, you should be able to follow a good writing rule to help you present the situation in a manner that you would not break any rules. If you cannot do this then you should reconsider having the dilemma in the essay in the first place.There are many things to keep in mind when writing ethical dilemma essay topics. All you need to do is remember that you should provide some sort of conflict or dilemma to fit the theme of the essay. Do not write anything that is unrealistic or immoral, as you will not be able to take it out of the essay later.

A Day at Stanford University

A Day at Stanford University Yeah, you read that right. Let me tell you about Stanford. Stanfordis not like MIT. Where to start? Stanford is sunny and spacious. The buildings are built out of tasteful sandstone and, as a bonus, rectangular. Instead of drowning in camera-armed Chinese tourists you should worry about getting run down by bicyclists who are, as far as I can tell, all Stanford students. There are no clouds in the sky. Ever. The statues of people do, in fact, look like people, and were created by famous French sculptors named Rodin. Also, unlike the infinite corridor at MIT, the Stanford corridors arereally quiet. Also, outdoors. The corridors that do happen to be indoors are famous and steeped with historical value and the a cappella singers are all satanists. Okay, so maaaaybe I exaggerated some of those things. After all, this is based on a half-day sample of the Stanford Experience. Being home briefly for summer break, I decided to visit some of my Stanford friends and spend a day in the Land of Palm Trees and Californian Paradise. That satanist a cappella group is actually the amazingly charming  Stanford Fleet Street Singers, performing at their weekly ClawCappella performance (so named after the Claw, the fountain in front of the bookstore). When I started talking to the students, however, a strange feeling of familiarity emerged. These people are passionate and smart and, yes, just as hosed as MIT kidson the day I visited, my best friend had just emerged from an all-nighter working on a final paper. Some of the other old friends I caught up with are fundraising for a project called Fuse!box, a mobile hackerspace designed to bring electronics and hacking resources (3D printers, Arduinos, etc) to low-income students all around the Bay Area. In short, its a magic school truck full of engineering toys. Check them out: So yeahStanfords pretty different from MIT. Its a very different atmosphere to be walking under palm trees in the gentle breeze instead of walking under umbrellas through snowstorms. There isnt a tunnel system, and the buildings all have Real Names instead of numbers. But cultural differences and appearances aside, those Stanfordites are all right. Theyre working for the same things and reasons that MIT students are, making charming music and longboarding down those gosh-darned empty corridors along the way. And heycourtesy of the Wormhole, Stanford is never too far from MIT. From California with love, Allan

The Once and Future King Guenever Essay - 892 Words

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Discussing Texas V. Johnson Essay - 1632 Words

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Night World Secret Vampire Chapter 3 Free Essays

string(46) " Night People could fall in love with ahuman\." All Poppy could think of was the pretty bald girl inthe gift shop. Cancer. â€Å"But-but they can do something about it, can’tthey?† she said, and even to her own ears her voice sounded very young. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I mean-if they had to, theycould take my pancreasout†¦.† â€Å"Oh, sweetheart, of course. â€Å"Poppy’s mother took Poppy in her arms. â€Å"I promise you; if there’s some thing wrong, we’ll do anything and everything to fix it. I’d go to the ends of the earth to make you well. You knowthat. And at this point we aren’t even sure that there issomething wrong. Dr. Franklin said that it’s extremely rare for teenagers to get a tumor in the pancreas. Extremely rare. So let’s not worry about things until we have to.† Poppy felt herself relax; the pit was covered again. But somewhere near her core she still felt cold. â€Å"I haveto call James.† Her mother nodded. â€Å"Just make it quick.† Poppy kept her fingers crossed as she dialedJames’s apartment. Please be there, please be there, she thought. And for once, he was. He answered laconically, but as soon as he heard her voice, he said, â€Å"What’s wrong?† â€Å"Nothing-well, everything. Maybe.† Poppy heardherself give a wild sort of laugh. It wasn’t exactly alaugh. â€Å"What happened?† James said sharply. â€Å"Did youhave a fight with Cliff?† â€Å"No. Cliff’s at the office. And I’m going into thehospital.† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"They think I might have cancer.† It was a tremendous relief to say it, a sort of emo tional release. Poppy laughed again. Silence on the other end of the line. â€Å"Hello?† â€Å"I’m here,† James said. Then he said, â€Å"I’m coming over.† â€Å"No, there’s no point. I’ve got to leave in a minute.† She waited for him to say that he’d come and see her in the hospital, but he didn’t. â€Å"James, would you do something for me? Wouldyou find out whatever you can about cancer in the pancreas? Just in case.† â€Å"Is that what they think you have?† â€Å"They don’t know for sure. They’re giving me some tests. I just hope they don’t have to use any needles.† Another laugh, but inside she was reeling. She wished James would say something comforting.†I’ll see what I can find on the Net.† His voice was unemotional, almost expressionless. â€Å"And then you can tell me later-they’ll probablylet you call me at the hospital.† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"Okay, I have to go. My mom’s waitin†Ã¢â‚¬ Take care of yourself.† Poppy hung up, feeling empty. Her mother wasstanding in the doorway.†Come on, Poppet. Let’s go.† James sat very still, looking at the phone withoutseeing it. She was scared, and he couldn’t help her. He’dnever been very good at inspirational small talk. It wasn’t, he thought grimly, in his nature. To give comfort you had to have a comfortableview of the world. And James had seen too much of the world to have any illusions. He could deal with cold facts, though. Pushingaside a pile of assorted clutter, he turned on his lap top and dialed up the Internet. Within minutes he was using Gopher to search theNational Cancer Institute’s CancerNet. The first file he found was listed as â€Å"Pancreatic cancer-Patient.†He scanned it. Stuff about what the pancreas did,stages of thedisease, treatments.Nothingtoo gruesome. Thenhewentinto â€Å"PancreaticcancerPhysician–a file meant for doctors. The first lineheld him paralyzed. Cancer of the exocrine pancreas is rarely curable. His eyes skimmed down the lines. Overall survival rate †¦ metastasis †¦ poor response to chemotherapy, ra diation therapy and surgery †¦ pain †¦ Pain. Poppy was brave, but facing constant painwould crush anyone. Especially when the outlook for the future was so bleak. He looked at the top of the article again. Overallsurvival rate less than three percent. If the cancer had spread, less than one percent. There must be more information. James wentsearching again and came up with several articles from newspapers and medical journals. They wereeven worse than the NCI file. The overwhelming majority of patients will die, and dieswiftly, experts say†¦. Pancreatic cancer is usually inoperable, rapid, and debilitatingly painful†¦. The averagesurvival if the cancer has spread can be three weeks tothree months†¦. Three weeks to three months. James stared at the laptop’s screen. His chest andthroat felt tight; his vision was blurry. He tried to control it, telling himself that nothing was certain yet. Poppy was being tested, that didn’t mean she had cancer. But the words rang hollow in his mind. He had known for some time that something was wrong with Poppy. Something was-disturbed-inside her.He’d sensed that the rhythms of her body wereslightly off; he could tell she was losing sleep. Andthe pain-he always knew when the pain was there.He just hadn’t realized how serious it was. Poppy knows, too, he thought. Deep down, she knows that something very bad is going on, or she wouldn’t have asked me to find this out. But whatdoes she expect me to do, walk in and tell her she’s going to die in a few months? And am I supposed to stand around and watch it? His lips pulled back from his teeth slightly. Not anice smile, more of a savage grimace. He’d seen a lot of death in seventeen years. He knew the stages ofdying, knew the difference between the moment breathing stopped and the moment the brain turnedoff; knew the unmistakable ghostlike pallor of a freshcorpse. The way the eyeballs flattened out about five minutes after expiration. Now, that was a detail most people weren’t familiar with. Five minutes after you die, your eyes go flat and filmy gray. And then your body starts to shrink. You actually get smaller. Poppy was so small already. He’d always been afraid of hurting her. She lookedso fragile, and he could hurt somebody much stronger if he wasn’t careful. That was one reason hekept a certain distance between them. One reason. Not the main one. The other was something he couldn’t put intowords, not even to himself. It brought him right up to the edge of the forbidden. To face rules that had been ingrained in him since birth. None of the Night People could fall in love with ahuman. You read "Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 3" in category "Essay examples" The sentence for breaking the law was death. It didn’t matter. He knew what he hadto do now.Where he had to go. Cold and precise, James loggedoff the Net. Hestood, picked up his sunglasses, slid them into place. Went out into the merciless June sunlight, slamminghis apartment door behind him. Poppy looked around the hospital room unhappily.There was nothing so awful about it, except that it was too cold, but †¦it was a hospital. That was thetruth behind thepretty pink-and-blue curtains and the dosed-circuit TV and the dinner menu decoratedwith cartoon characters. It was a place you didn’t come unless you were Pretty Darn Sick. Oh, come on, she told herself. Cheerup a little.What happened to the power of Poppytive thinking? Where’s Poppyanna when you need her? Where’sMary Poppy-ins? God, I’m even making myself gag, she thought. But she found herselfsmilingfaintly, with selfdeprecating humor if nothing else. And the nurses were nice here, and the bed wasextremely cool.Ithad a remote control on theside that bent it intoevery imaginable position. Her mother came in while shewas playing with it. â€Å"I got hold of Cliff; he’ll be herelater. Meanwhile,I think you’d better change so you’re ready for the tests.† Poppy looked at the blue-and-white striped seersucker hospital robe and felt a painful spasm that seemed to reach from her stomach to her back. And something in the deepest part of her said Please, not yet. I’ll never be ready. James pulled his Integra into a parking space on Ferry Street near Stoneham. It wasn’t a nice part of town. Tourists visiting Los Angeles avoided this area. The building was sagging and decrepit. Severalstores were vacant, with cardboard taped over broken windows. Graffiti covered the peeling paint on thecinder-block walls. Even the smog seemed to hang thicker here. Theair itself seemed yellow and cloying. Like a poisonous miasma, it darkened the brightest day and made everything look unreal and ominous. James walked around to the back of the building.There, among the freight entrances of the stores in front, was one door unmarked by graffiti. The signabove it had no words. Just a picture of a blackflower. A black iris. James knocked. The door opened two inches, anda skinny kid in a wrinkled T-shirt peered out with beady eyes. â€Å"It’s me, Ulf,† James said, resisting the temptationto kick the door in. Werewolves, he thought. Why do they have to be so territorial? World. I don’t want to break any laws. I just wanther well.† The slanted blue eyes were searching his face. â€Å"Areyou sure you haven’t broken the laws already?† And when James looked determined not to understand this, she added in a lowered voice, â€Å"Are you sure you’re not in love with her?† James made himself meet the probing gaze directly. He spoke softly and dangerously. â€Å"Don’t say that unless you want a fight.† Gisele looked away. She played with her ring. Thecandle flame dwindled and died. â€Å"James, I’ve known you for a long time,† she saidwithout looking up. â€Å"I don’t want to get you in trouble. I believe you when you say you haven’t brokenany laws–but I think we’d both better forget this conversation. Just walk out now and I’ll pretend itnever happened.† â€Å"And the spell?† â€Å"There’s no such thing. And if there was, Iwouldn’t help you. Just go.† James went.There was one other possibility that he couldthink of. He drove to Brentwood, to an area thatwas as different from the last as a diamond is fromcoal. He parked in a covered carport by a quaint adobe building with a fountain. Red and purplebougainvillaea climbed up the walls to the Spanishtile on the roof. Walking through an archway into a courtyard, hecame to an office with gold letters on the door. Jasper R. Rasmussen, Ph.D. His father was a psychologist. Before he could reach for the handle, the dooropened and a woman came out. She was like mostof his father’s clients, forty-something, obviously rich, wearing a designer jogging suit and high-heeled sandals. She looked a little dazed and dreamy, and therewere two small, rapidly healing puncture wounds on her neck. James went into the office. There was a waitingroom, but no receptionist. Strains of Mozart came from the inner office. James knocked on the door. â€Å"Dad?† The door opened to reveal a handsome man withdark hair. He was wearing a perfectly tailored gray suit and a shirt with French cuffs. He had an aura of power and purpose. But not of warmth. He said, â€Å"What is it, James?† in the same voice he used for his clients: thoughtful, deliberate, confident. â€Å"Do you have a minute?† His father glanced at his Rolex. â€Å"As a matter offact, my next patient won’t be here for half an hour.† â€Å"There’s something I need to talk about.† His father looked at him keenly, then gestured to an overstuffed chair. James eased into it, but found himself pulling forward to sit on the edge. â€Å"What’s on your mind?† James searched for the right words. Everything depended on whether he could make his father under stand. But what were the right words? At last hesettled for bluntness. â€Å"It’s Poppy. She’s been sick for a while, and nowthey think she has cancer.† Dr. Rasmussen looked surprised. â€Å"I’m sorry to hearthat.† But there was no sorrow in his voice. â€Å"And it’s a bad cancer. It’s incredibly painful andjust about one hundred percent incurable.† â€Å"That’s a pity.† Again there was nothing but mildsurprise in his father’s voice. And suddenly James knew where that came from. It wasn’t surprise thatPoppy was sick; it was surprise that James had made a trip just to tell him this. â€Å"Dad, if she’s got this cancer, she’s dying. Doesn’tthat mean anything to you?† Dr. Rasmussen steepled his fingers and stared intothe ruddy gloss of his mahoganydesk. He spoke slowly and steadily. â€Å"James, we’ve been through this before. You know that your mother and I are worried about you getting too dose to Poppy. Too . . . attached †¦to her.† James felt a surge of cold rage. â€Å"Like I got tooattached to Miss Emma?† His father didn’t blink. â€Å"Something like that.† James fought the pictures that wanted to form inhis mind. He couldn’t think about Miss Emma now; he needed to be detached. That was the only way to convince his father. â€Å"Dad, what I’m trying to say is that I’ve knownPoppy just about all my life. She’s useful to me.† â€Å"How? Not in the obvious way. You’ve never fedon her, have you?† James swallowed, feeling nauseated. Feed onPoppy? Use her like that? Even the thought of it made him sick. â€Å"Dad, she’s my friend,† he said, abandoning anypretense of objectivity. â€Å"I can’t just watch her suffer. I can’t. I have to do something about it.† His father’s face cleared. â€Å"I see.† James felt dizzy with astonished relief. â€Å"Youunderstand?† â€Å"James, at times one can’t help a certain feeling of . . .compassion for humans. In general, I wouldn’t encourage it-but you have known Poppya long while. You feel pity for her suffering. If youwant to make that suffering shorter, then, yes, Iunderstand.† The relief crashed down around James. He stared at his father for a few seconds, then said softly, â€Å"Mercy killing? I thought the Elders had put a banon deaths in this area.† â€Å"Just be reasonably discreet about it. As long as itseems to be natural, we’ll all look the other way. There won’t be any reason to call in the Elders.† There was a metallic taste in James’s mouth. Hestood and laughed shortly. â€Å"Thanks, Dad. You’ve really helped a lot.† His father didn’t seem to hear the sarcasm. â€Å"Gladto do it, James. By the way, how are things at the apartments?† â€Å"Fine,† James said emptily. â€Å"And at school?† â€Å"School’s over, Dad,† James said, and let himselfout. In the courtyard he leaned against an adobe walland stared at the splashing water of the fountain. He was out of options. Out of hope. The laws ofthe Night World said so. If Poppy had the disease, she would die from it. How to cite Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 3, Essay examples

The Five Doctrinal Tenets Of Islam Essay Example For Students

The Five Doctrinal Tenets Of Islam Essay Final Graded CopyGrade: 95The Five Doctrinal Tenets of Islam:Supporting Pillars for the FaithfulThe Five Doctrinal Tenets of Islam:Supporting Pillars for the Faithful I. Introduction to IslamA. Numbers in IslamB. The Prophet Muhammad and the HadithII. The Five Pillars of IslamA. The Statement of Faith (Shahadah)B. The Establishment of Prayers (Salah)C. The Giving of Alms (Zakah)D. Fasting (Sawm)E. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)III. The Effect of the Five Pillars on the Islamic Life The Five Doctrinal Tenets of Islam:Supporting Pillars for the Faithful Islam is, debatably, the fastest growing religion in the world today. At a level of 1.2 billion, they represent approximately 22% of the worlds population. Moslems make up the second largest religion in the world, surpassed only to Christianity at 33%. This is according to the 1999 World Almanac and Book of Facts (724). What is Islam? Who is a Moslem? What do they believe? How does one become a Moslem? In 1964, Philip K. Hitti addressed the rapid emergence of Islam throughout the world in his writing History of the Arabs. In his book, he stated that every eighth person in our world today is a follower of Muhammad. He continues to say The Moslem call to prayer rings out through most of the twenty-four hours of the day, encircling the large portion of the globe in its warm belt (Hitti 3). Today, some thirty-six years later, Islam has become the place of comfort, peace, and faith for over one billion people. To have this type of growth there must be an underlying foundation to the movement. As any builder can attest, in order for a structure to maintain its integrity the support for that structure must be stabilized and strengthened. Within the holy writings of Islam the support and structure of the faithful is proclaimed. The concept of no deity except God is always alive within the heart of a Moslem. They recognize that he alone is the Creator, the Provider and Sustainer, and the true Reality; the source of all things of all benefits and harm. This belief requires that He be worshipped and obeyed. We will write a custom essay on The Five Doctrinal Tenets Of Islam specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the Holy Koran, God has made obedience to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad incumbent upon the all believers. The teachings of Prophet Muhammad are available today in the form of Hadith. Although Islamic faith and beliefs are vast, the establishing doctrine, i.e., foundation, for Islam remains to be the five pillars of faith. The first is a statement of faith, the subsequent four are major exercises of faith of which some are daily, some weekly, some monthly, some annually, and some are required as a minimum once in a lifetime. The Five Pillars of IslamThese Five Pillars are the frameworks of a Muslims life. At one time, when the Prophet Muhammad was asked to give a definition of Islam, he named the Five Pillars. In the Hadith, the collection of sayings of Muhammed, these exercises of faith are stated to serve mans spiritual purposes, satisfy his human needs, and to mark his whole life with a Divine touch (Hadith Shih Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 2, Number 7). The writings comprising the Hadith, while regarded as an excellent guide to living, are not regarded as having the same status as the Holy Koran (Quran). The major duties, nevertheless, in the life of a Moslem are to fulfill these Five Pillars. They are:1. The Statement of Faith (Shahadah) 2. The Establishment of Prayers (Salah)3. The Giving of Alms (Zakah)4. Fasting (Sawm), and5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj). .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .postImageUrl , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:hover , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:visited , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:active { border:0!important; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:active , .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997 .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubf4837d2b69fe52b459ae13b36376997:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Minimum wage EssayAs distinct as the Ten Commandments are to members of the Christian and Judaic faiths, each of the Five Pillars are direct commands from Allah for his children. The first of these Pillars is:The Statement of Faith (Shahadah). Shahadah is the bearing of witness to Allah. This is a declaration of faith. In his declaration, a Muslim proclaims ASH-HADU ANLA ELAHA ILLA-ALLAH WA ASH-HADU ANNA MOHAMMADAN RASUL-ALLAH. The English translation is I bear witness that there is no deity (none truly to be worshipped) but, Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. The Shahadah is repeated at least on a daily basis. Having acknowledged this withi n his heart, the second Pillar of Islam is instituted:The Establishment of Prayers (Salah). Ordered time for prayers is essential for maximum benefit to both the faith and to the believer. The Shahadah is to be performed five times a day: morning, at noon, mid-afternoon, after sunset and just before sleeping. Ones body is to be toward the holy city of Mecca, or toward the east, where the Prophet Muhammad was born. No other form of worship can be compared to the prayer (Salah), for it is the basis of religion, without which there would be no religion or faith. The earlier prophets (e.g., Abraham, David, and Jesus) and their followers practiced prayer in some form as an essential part of the religion of God. Islam, which is considered the final stage, completion, and confirmation of a monotheistic religion, considers prayer essential. Its denial removes one from the ranks of Islam. Obligatory prayers are performed the aforementioned five times a day, and are a direct link between the worshiper and God. As stated by Sayyid Abu Al-Ala Maududi in Islam: Its Meaning and Message, There is no hierarchical authority or priesthood in Islam, so a person learned in the Quran leads group prayers. These prayers contain verses from the Quran, and they are said in Arabic, the language of the revelation itself (Al-Ala Maududi 12). Personal prayers, on the other hand, may be offered in ones own language. While the shahadah is paramount in becoming a true Moslem, and the Salah is necessary in maintaining a close relationship with Allah, a concern for others is stressed within the confines of the third of the Five Pillars of Islam: The Giving of Alms (Zakah). Synonymous with the tithe of the Christian faith, Zakah is expected and ordered of the faithful of Islam. It is an act of worship and spiritual investment. The literal meaning of Zakah is purity, and it refers to the annual amount that a Moslem with means must distribute among the rightful needy. Ibrahim Shabaan, a Tyler, Texas business owner and native of Libya, North Africa, commented recently in a conversation that the Zakah is not viewed as an obligation, although it is one. It is, to the Moslem, viewed as an honor in which to help his brother in need. It must be noted, however, that Zakah is intended for ones Moslem brothers in need. The charity given not only purifies the contributor, but also purifies his heart from selfishness and greed. Furthermore, it purifies the heart of the needy one from envy, hatred, or jealousy, and replaces these undesirable thoughts with those of good will and wishes of happiness for the contributors. The list of recipients of Zakah is multiple: the Moslem poor and needy, the new Moslem converts, and the Moslem prisoners of war (as a means to free them). It is also intended for Moslems in debt, those appointed to collect the charity and Moslems in service of research or study or propagation of Islam. This is not an exhaustive list. As needs arise within the family of the Islamic faith, the charity is distributed. .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .postImageUrl , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:hover , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:visited , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:active { border:0!important; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:active , .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9179ecfa71cf47222920ff735042705d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Unemployment EssayIn order to increase ones spiritual depth it is necessary at times to purge the needs of the body. In Islam, the needs of the body are considered to complicate closeness to Allah. To become the vessel needed to accept all Allah has to give, the Moslem faithful practice another purging of the soul. Fasting (Sawm). Personal fasting and prayer may be done at the discretion of the individual. Recommended personal fasting times and dates are suggested, but are not viewed as an obligation. Once a year, however, during the month of Ramadan (the ninth month of the Islamic year), obligatory fasting takes place. Abstinence is ordered in the form of eating, drinking, allowing intimate sexual contacts, and smoking. These restrictions of the daily life are in place from the break of dawn until sunset. Fasting teaches man the principle of sincere love to God. It brings to an individuals heart the understanding of hope, devotion, patience, and self-control. Willpower, discipline, unity, and brotherhood are also learned. The obligatory fast is intended for every adult Moslem, whether male or female, if he/she is mentally and physically able. If on a journey, the fast may be postponed, but the exercise is to be made up later. Exceptions to the fast are women during their unclean period (menstruation) or while nursing a child, and in case of travel and sickness for both men and women. Sheikh (sic) Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, in Al-Siyaam 70 Matters Related to Fasting, states:It is better for a menstruating woman to remain natural and accept what Allaah has decreed for her by not taking any medication to prevent her from bleeding. She should be content with what Allaah accepts from her of breaking her fast during her period and making those days up later. This is how the Mothers of the Believers and the women of the salaf were (Al-Munajjid 66). Pilgrimage (Hajj)The fifth, and final, Pillar of Islam is an obligation to those within the faith that are able physically and financially. Similar to a Christians desire to journey to the Holy Land, the Hajj is the ordered pilgrimage of all able Moslems to the city of Prophet Mohammeds birth, Mecca in Saudi Arabia. Pilgrims who participate in the Hajj wear very simple garments that denote no status or wealth. Without the appearance of wealth, all people stand equal before God. Moslems pray for Allahs forgiveness while they fulfill the once in a lifetime duty that is their pilgrimage to Mecca. In Islamic history, the Hajj commemorates the Divine rituals observed by Prophet Abraham and his son, Ishmael, who were the first pilgrims to the house of Allah on earth: the Kabah. It is also to remember, and anticipate, the great assembly of the Day of Judgment when people will stand equal before Allah. Moslems go to Mecca to glorify Allah, not to worship a man. The Five Pillars are the basis of Islamic religion because they structure the spiritual life of an individual Moslem. The spiritual life has a direct effect on the personal and interpersonal life of the faithful. The personal life of the Islamic man or woman is hoped to influence the spiritual life of the non-Moslem. It will bring the non-Moslem to the point of conversion to Islam. The choice, however, is to the individual. There are no pressure tactics used, but only the prayer that example will lead one to Allah. In essence, the Prophet Muhammad declared of the Five Pillars of Islam to serve mans spiritual purposes, satisfy his human needs and to mark his whole life with Divine touch (Muhammed). Religion Essays